Spray nozzle



1957 l. H. MARANTZ 2,813,750

SPRAY NOZZLE Original Filed Feb. 28, 1955 .tqi.

INVENTOR fsfiael' ATTORNEYS United States Patent C) SPRAY NOZZLE IsraelH. Marantz, Forest Hills, N. Y., assignor to Columbia Cable & ElectricCorporation, a corporation of New York 2 Claims. (Cl. 29928.7)

It is noted that in nozzles of the type to spray particles of metal forexample, which are heated by an inflammable gas to a highly plasticstate almost reaching molten condition, the abrasive action caused bythe movement of the particles through the nozzle will, after a longperiod of use, wear away the walls of the passageway through which theparticles are forced with resultant inoperativeness of the nozzle andneed for replacement of the entire unit with resultant relatively highcost.

It is among the objects of the invention to provide an inexpensive spraynozzle that is neat, compact and sturdy, that has but few parts andwhich is not likely to clog or become out of order even with long use,which is substantially devoid of gaskets which are likely to becomedefective and cause leakage in the nozzle with resultant inef ficiencythereof and which has a relatively inexpensive outlet tip which mayreadily be replaced upon wearing thereof.

Another object is to provide a nozzle of the above type which isdesigned to eliminate wear of the main portion of the nozzle tip.

This application is a division of co-pending application Serial No.491,151, filed February 28, 1955.

According to the invention, these objects are accomplished by thearrangement and combination of elements hereinafter described andparticularly recited in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings in which are shown one or more of variouspossible embodiments of the several features of the invention,

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle,

Fig. 2 is an end view of the nozzle, and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional another embodiment of thenozzle.

Referring now to the drawings, the spray nozzle shown in Fig. 1desirably comprises a substantially cylindrical rod 11 which forms thebody portion of the nozzle and which desirably has an axial bore 12extending therethrough. The rear end of bore 12 is desirably of enlargeddiameter as at 13 and is internally threaded as at 14 to receive thethreaded reduced end 15 of a handle 16.

The front end of the body portion 11 is desirably of reduced diameter asat 17 forming a beveled shoulder 18. Aflfixed to such reduced end 17 isthe nozzle tip 21 which desirably is substantially cylindrical as shownand has an axial bore 22 therethrough of enlarged diameter at its rearend 23, said enlarged diameter end of bore 22 being internally threadedas at 24 so that it may be screwed on the correspondingly externallythreaded end 17 of the body portion 11. Desirably the nose of reducedend 17 has an outstanding annular flange 25 against which the shoulder26 formed by the enlargement of bore 22 may abut, to provide a tightseal.

Means are desirably provided to propel a stream of particles through thealigned bores 12 and 22 in the body portion 11 and the tip 21respectively. To this end the bore 12 desirably has a plug 31 afiixedtherein near the enlarged portion 13 thereof, said plug 31 having asubstantially conical nose 32 and desirably having an axial bore 33therethrough of enlarged diameter as at 34 at view of 2,813,750 PatentedNov. 19, 1957 its rear end. Although the plug 31 may be aflixed in bore12in any suitable manner, in the embodiment herein shown, the plug 31 isexternally threaded so that it may be screwed into thecorrespondinglythreaded bore.

- The inlet 36 of bore 33 desirably is positioned adjacent a transversepassageway 37 extending through the wall of body portion 11 into theenlargement 13 of bore 12. Afiixed in passageway 37 is a fitting 38 towhich the outlet 39 of a suitable gas regulating valve 41 may beaflixed, the inlet 42 of said valve desirably being connected to asource of compressed gas (not shown). The nose end 32 of plug 31 isdesirably positioned adjacent a transverse passageway 45 extendinglaterally through the wall of body portion 11 into bore 12 adjacent saidnose 32. Afiixed in passageway 45 is a fitting 46 which is connected toa source of particles, illustratively of zinc, to be sprayed.

The tip 21 is desirably formed so that a suitable gas maybe forcedtherethrough to be ignited at the outlet 51 thereof to develop anintense heat whereby the particles propelled through the bore 22 may betransformed to a highly plastic state almost reaching the moltencondition. To this end, the tip 21 desirably has an annular groove 52adjacent its rear end and a plurality of gas outlet passageways 53encompassing the axial bore 22 of the tip and converging at their outletends 55.

Encompassing the tip 21 is a sleeve 61 has a plurality of radiating fins62 to provide a large surface area for cooling of such tip, said sleeve61 encompassing said annular groove 52 to form a gas inlet chamber.Means are desirably provided to force a mixture of suitable highlyinflammable gases into the groove 52. To this end the sleeve 61 has alateral passageway 64 there through in communication at one end withsaid groove 52, the other end of said passageway having the end 65 of atube 66 aflixed therein. The other end 67 of tube 66 has a manifold 68suitably aflixed thereon so that a mixture of inflammable gases such asoxygen and acetylene may be forced through the bore 69 of tube 66.

As shown in Fig. 1, the manifold 68 desirably comprises a circular block71 having an axial extension 72 of reduced diameter. The block 71desirably has two bores 73 and 74 leading thereinto, the inlet ends ofwhich have fittings 75 and 76 secured therein respectively, to whichsources of oxygen and acetylene gas may be connected respectively.

The axial extension 72 of the manifold desirably has a bore 81therethrough, the inner end 82 of which is connected by passageway 83 tothe bore 73 of the manifold. Although the manifold may be afixed to tube66 in any suitable manner, in the embodiment shown, a sleeve v86encompassing tube 66 has its externally threaded end 87 screwed into thecorresponding threaded bore 81. Thus when the sleeve is rotated in bore81 and abuts against an annular shoulder 84 formed on tube 66, theconical end 91 of bore 81 will be pressed tightly against the conicalend 92 of tube 66 securely to retain the manifold afiixed to the tube.

The conical end 92 of tube 66 desirably has an annular groove 95 in itsperiphery which coacts with a corresponding annular groove 96 in thebore of manifold 68 to form an annular gas chamber 97, said chamberbeing in communication with the bore 69 of tube 66 by means of aplurality of inclined passageways 98 and being supplied with gas frombore 74 through a passageway 99.

Means are desirably provided to cool the tip 21 and to prevent spreadingof the stream of particles emerging from the outlet 51 thereof. To thisend, the tip 21 has an annular groove 101 therein which is encompassedby the sleeve 61 to form a gas chamber. The tip 21 desirably has aplurality of passageways 102 leading from said groove 101 to the outerend of the tip, said passage! which desirably ways converging at theiroutlet ends 105 which form a ring encompassing the outlets 55 of thepassageways 53 and the outlet 51 of the tip.

In order to supply the gas chamber defined by annular groove 101, thesleeve 61 has a lateral passageway 106 therethrough in communication atone end with groove 101. The other end of said passageway has a fitting107 therein to which the outlet of a suitable gas regulating valve 108may be affixed, the inlet 109 of said valve desirably being connected toa source of compressed gas (not shown).

In the operation of the nozzle shown in Figs. 1 and 2, as compressed gasis forced through fitting 38 into the enlarged portion 13 of bore 12,such gas will pass through the bores 34 and 33 of plug 31 and emergesfrom the outlet end 32 thereof as a high velocity jet. This jet willcreate a suction at the adjacent end of passageway 45 so that particleswill be sucked into bore 12 and be propelled through the aligned bores12 and 22 to emerge from the outlet 51 of tip 21.

The mixture of inflammable gases forced into groove 52 will pass throughthe passageways 53 and emerge from the outlets 55 thereof as a circularstream encompassing the stream of gas and particles. The inflammablegases may be ignited by any suitable means causing the particles tosoften to a highly plastic, though not molten state.

By reason of the converging passageways 102 connected to annular groove101, excessive spreading of the spray of particles and gas emerging fromoutlet 51 of tip 21 is prevented. Thus the high velocity jets from theoutlets 105 of passageways 102 will strike the periphery of the streamof particles and gas emerging from outlet 51 thereby substantiallypreventing spreading of such stream. In addition, as the gas emergingfrom outlets 105 is relatively cool, as the heated particles strike thearticle being sprayed, they will rapidly cool and congeal therebypreventing dripping of such plastic particles from the article andensuring adherence of such particles thereto.

It has been found that as the particles are forced through the bore 22in the tip 21, the abrasive action caused by such moving particles will,after a long period of use, wear away the inner wall of the bore 22.Such wearing may cause the passageways 53 to be exposed to the bore 22with resultant inoperativeness of the device as the flame caused by thegases would cause the particles to become plastic in the bore 22 withresultant congealing of such particles in such bore 22 and cloggingthereof. However, by reason of the ease by which the relativelyinexpensive tip 21 may be removed, it is a relatively simple matter toreplace the latter without need for discarding the entire nozzle. Thusmaintenance costs of such nozzle are relatively low.

j The embodiment of the nozzle shown in Fig. 3 is designed to eliminateentirely the need for replacement of the nozzle tip 21. This nozzle issubstantially identical to that shown in Fig. 1 and corresponding partshave the same reference numerals primed. Thus, the nozzle shown in Fig.3 has a metal tube 110 positioned in the bore 22 of the tip 21'. Thetube 110 is of diameter such that it fits snugly in said bore, anddesirably has an outwardly extending annular flange 111 at the rear endthereof which may be clamped between the shoulder 26 of tip 21' andflange 25' of body portion 11' thereby securely retaining the tube inposition.

Desirably the end of bore 22' in tip 21' adjacent the nose 54 of saidtip, is of enlarged diameter as at 112 forming an annular shoulder 113through which the outlets 55' of passageways 53' extend, the end 114 oftube 110, which extends beyond said shoulder 113, guiding the mixture ofinflammable gases as they emerge from the outlets 55' of the tip.

\ With the nozzle shown in Fig. 3, the operation of which issubstantially identical to the nozzle shown in Figs. 1 and 2, theabrasive action of the particles will wear away only the tube 110. Whenthis occurs, it is a relatively simple matter to remove the tip from thebody portion 11 and then remove the tube 110 from the tip and replacethe worn tube.

As the tubes 110 are relatively inexpensive, it is apparent that thenozzle shown in Fig. 3 may be used for long periods with only a minimumof maintenance cost.

As many changes could be made in the above construction, and manyapparently widely diflerent embodiments of this invention could be madewithout departing from the scope of the claims, it is intended that allmatter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanyingdrawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limitingsense.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A spray nozzle comprising a body portion, a tip removably aifixed tosaid body portion, said tip and said body portion having longitudinallyaligned bores therethrough, means to force a mixture of particles andgas through said longitudinally aligned bores, a pair of spaced annulargrooves in the periphery of said tip adjacent the front and rear endsthereof respectively, a sleeve encompassing said tip and forming gaschambers with respect to said grooves, a plurality of gas passageways insaid tip having their inlets in the annular gas chamber adjacent therear end of said tip and their outlets arranged around the outlet of thebore therein and directed toward a common point whereby when inflammablegases are forced into said rearmost annular chamber, they will flowthrough said passageways and abut against the stream of particles andgas emerging from the outlet of the tip bore so that upon igniting ofsaid inflammable gases, the particles will be transformed into a plasticstate, a second set of gas passageways in said tip having their inletsin the gas chamber adjacent the nose of said tip and their outletsarranged around the outlets of said first gas passageways and the outletof the tip bore, the outlets of said secondgas passageways alsoconverging toward a common point, whereby when gas is forced into saidsecond annular chamber it will flow through said second set ofpassageways and abut against the periphery of said stream of particlesto prevent spreading thereof.

2. A spray nozzle comprising a body portion, a tip removably aflixed tosaid body portion, said tip and said body portion having longitudinallyaligned bores therethrough, a tube in the bore of said tip, meanssecurely yet removably retaining said tube in said bore, said tip havingan annular groove about the outlet of the bore thereby defining anannular shoulder, said tube extending beyond said shoulder, means toforce a mixture of particles and gas through said longitudinally alignedbores, a plurality of gas passageways in said tip having their outletsarranged around the outlet of the bore therein and directed toward acommon point whereby when inflammable gases are forced through thepassageways in said tip they will abut against the stream of particlesand gas emerging from the outlet of the tip bore so that upon ignitingof said inflammable gases the particles will be transformed into aplastic condition.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,930,373 Stubenrauch Oct. 10, 1933 2,108,998 Schori Feb. 22, 19382,125,764 Benoit Aug. 2, 1938 2,181,082 Hammon et a1. Nov. 21, 19392,544,259 Duccini et a1 Mar. 6, 1951

